Abo1,
Amir Bitran,
ATP,
biochemistry,
Biozentrum,
Caulobacter crescentus,
central dogma,
Chelsea R. Bulock,
chromosomes,
cohesin,
cotranslational folding,
Darwinian mechanism,
DNA,
E. coli,
error catastrophe,
genome,
GGC,
GGU,
Intelligent Design,
Junk DNA,
Lego blocks,
misfolding,
mRNA,
Nature Communications,
Patricia Clark,
PNAS,
polymerase,
polypeptides,
Polδ,
proofreader,
proteins,
RNA,
South Korea,
strand breaks,
UNIST,
University of Basel,
University of Notre Dame,
University of Seville,
William Paley
Genomics has come a long way since the central dogma (the notion that DNA is the master controller that calls all the shots) and junk DNA (the expectation that much of the genome is non-functional). If scientists ditch those old dogmas and approach the genome expecting to find reasons for things, they often do. Synonymous Mutations To-may-to or to-mah-to? The British write flavour; the Americans write flavor, but generally each understands the other without too much difficulty. Genomes, too, have alternate ways of spelling things: GGU and GGC in messenger RNA both spell glycine. No big deal, thought geneticists; these “silent” mutations cause no change in the resulting protein. At the University of Notre Dame, however, biochemists are finding that the differences in spelling are not just background noise; they…